The indoor garden.
Some seeds have to be (or do better if) sown directly into the ground (such as carrots and turnips) but I sow as many seeds as possible indoors because it is easier to control water and temperature. This indoor growing also allows you to get a jump start on the season and it allows you to start things before the outside crop is fully grown.
For example, I can plant spinach and lettuce seeds inside in February, well before you could ever do so outside.
I also can plan to harvest my beets in late May, but start a new batch of beets indoors in early May; as I pick the beets from the bed my new beet crop is already 4 weeks into maturity allowing for more production.
Almost all of the milkweed and coneflower in the yard I started from seed inside
My setup is pretty rough and it just uses regular fluorescent shop lights (no need for expensive grow lights). This system has worked well for me for many years. I built it myself from 2x3s but there are some on the market you can buy. With the lights and the wood this 4 shelf system (4 feet lights, two deep) cost me about 250$ (the lights are the most expensive part.)
The only small trick is that for the lights you need to buy the “coolest” spectrum you can. I got all of mine at a large home improvement store.